Arduino / Genuino DCF-77 Signal Generator

Time machine without the (difficult to obtain) flux capacitor

WARNING : TRANSMITTING YOUR OWN TIME-SIGNAL MAYST CONFUSE OTHER PEOPLE OR SYSTEMS. HANDLE WITH CARE AND INTELLECT.

✈ Approach

✈ Similiar Systems just need a different Oscillator

✈ Test Sketch for Arduino/Genuino UNO

/* ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
ARDUINO/Genuino (UNO) Test/Demo Sketch for Low Frequency
ASK Synthesizer
Software Version 2.4, 
24.04.2017, Alexander C. Frank
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/


#include <Wire.h>
#include "TimerOne.h"
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(6,7,2,3,4,5);  

byte Data[62] ;
volatile unsigned int SekundenZeiger = 0 ;
volatile boolean ModulationNecessary = false ;
const int Modulateur = 9 ;  
const int Illuminateur = 8 ;
const int Correcteur = 10 ;
unsigned int Parity = 0;  // EVEN PARITY IS USED HERE
const int SET = A0 ;
const int PLUS = A1 ;
const int MINUS = A2 ;
const int ENTER = A3 ;

// TIME - DS1307
byte second, minute, hour, dayOfWeek, dayOfMonth, month, year; 
const int DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS = 0x68 ; 

// TIME SUBROUTINES
// Convert normal decimal numbers to binary coded decimal
byte decToBcd(byte val) { return( (val/10*16) + (val%10) ); }
// Convert binary coded decimal to normal decimal numbers

byte bcdToDec(byte val) { return( (val/16*10) + (val%16) ); }

// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
// TIME AND CLOCK SUBROUTINES
// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
void SetTimeDS1307(byte second, byte minute, byte hour, byte dayOfWeek, byte
dayOfMonth, byte month, byte year)
{
  // sets time and date data to DS3231
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS);
  Wire.write(0); // set next input to start at the seconds register
  Wire.write(decToBcd(second)); // set seconds
  Wire.write(decToBcd(minute)); // set minutes
  Wire.write(decToBcd(hour)); // set hours
  Wire.write(decToBcd(dayOfWeek)); // set day of week (1=Monday)
  Wire.write(decToBcd(dayOfMonth)); // set date (1 to 31)
  Wire.write(decToBcd(month)); // set month
  Wire.write(decToBcd(year)); // set year (0 to 99)
  Wire.endTransmission();
}
void readDS1307time(byte *second,
byte *minute,
byte *hour,
byte *dayOfWeek,
byte *dayOfMonth,
byte *month,
byte *year)
{
  Wire.beginTransmission(DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS);
  Wire.write(0); // set DS1307 register pointer to 00h
  Wire.endTransmission();
  Wire.requestFrom(DS1307_I2C_ADDRESS, 7);
  // request seven bytes of data from DS3231 starting from register 00h
  *second = bcdToDec(Wire.read() & 0x7f);
  *minute = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *hour = bcdToDec(Wire.read() & 0x3f);
  *dayOfWeek = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *dayOfMonth = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *month = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
  *year = bcdToDec(Wire.read());
}

void displayTime()
{
  // byte second, minute, hour, dayOfWeek, dayOfMonth, month, year;
  // retrieve data from DS3231
  readDS1307time(&second,&minute,&hour,&dayOfWeek,&dayOfMonth,&month,&year);
  // send it to the lcd
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  if (hour<10) lcd.print("0");
  lcd.print(hour);lcd.print(":");
  if (minute<10) lcd.print("0");
  lcd.print(minute);
  lcd.print(":");
  if (second<10) lcd.print("0");
  lcd.print(second);
}

void advance() 
{
  SekundenZeiger += 1;
  if (SekundenZeiger >= 60) SekundenZeiger = 0;
  ModulationNecessary = true ;
}

void setup() 
{
  Timer1.initialize(1000000);
  Timer1.attachInterrupt(advance);
  lcd.begin(8,1);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Wire.begin();
  pinMode(Modulateur, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(Modulateur, LOW);
  pinMode(Illuminateur, OUTPUT);
  // SAVE ENERGY :-)
  digitalWrite(Illuminateur, LOW);
  pinMode(Correcteur, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(SET, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(PLUS, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(MINUS, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(ENTER, INPUT_PULLUP);
  // SET CLOCK - UNCOMMENT IF NECESSARY
  // Sec Min Hour DayOfWeek DayOfMonth Month Year
  // CHECK THAT TIME EXISTS !!!
  // SetTimeDS1307(0, 22, 16, 1, 24, 4, 17);
}

void loop() 
{
if (ModulationNecessary)
{
  switch (Data[SekundenZeiger])
  {
  
  case 0 :
  // NO MODULATION NECESSARY, IT's THE 59th SECOND
  // READ THE TIME AND CALCULATE ARRAY FOR NEXT MINUTE
  ModulationNecessary = false ;
  readDS1307time(&second,&minute,&hour,&dayOfWeek,&dayOfMonth,&month,&year);
  // 0 : UNMODULATED
  // 1 : 100 ms = LOGIC ZERO
  // 2 : 200 ms = LOGIC ONE
  Data[0] = 1 ;   // ALWAYS
  Data[1] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[2] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[3] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[4] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[5] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[6] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[7] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[8] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[9] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[10] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[11] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[12] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[13] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[14] = 1 ;   // WEATHER
  Data[15] = 1 ;   // ANTENNA (NORMAL)
  Data[16] = 1 ;   // CHANGE SUMMER/WINTERTIME = NO
  Data[17] = 2 ;   // 0 = MEZ, 1 = MESZ
  Data[18] = 1 ;   // 0 = MESZ, 1 = MEZ
  Data[19] = 1 ;   // 0 = NO SECOND TO BE ADDED 
  Data[20] = 2 ;   // ALWAYS = 1, START OF DATA
  
  Parity = 0 ;
  
  Data[27] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 40
  if (minute >39) { Data[27] = 2 ; Parity += 1; minute -= 40 ; }
  Data[26] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 20
  if (minute >19) { Data[26] = 2 ; Parity += 1; minute -= 20 ; }
  Data[25] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 10
  if (minute >9) { Data[25] = 2 ; Parity += 1; minute -= 10 ; }
  Data[24] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 8
  if (minute >7) { Data[24] = 2 ; Parity += 1; minute -= 8 ; }
  Data[23] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 4
  if (minute >3) { Data[23] = 2 ; Parity += 1; minute -= 4 ; }
  Data[22] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 2
  if (minute >1) {Data[22] = 2 ;Parity += 1;minute -= 2 ;}
  Data[21] = 1 ;   // MINUTE 1
  if (minute == 1) { Data[21] = 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[28] = 1 ;   // PARITY BIT MINUTE
  if ((Parity & 0x01) > 0) { Data[28] = 2 ; }
  
  Parity = 0;
  
  Data[34] = 1 ;   // HOUR 20
  if (hour > 19) { Data[34] = 2 ; hour -= 20 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[33] = 1 ;   // HOUR 10
  if (hour > 9) { Data[33] = 2 ; hour -= 10 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[32] = 1 ;   // HOUR 8
  if (hour > 7) { Data[32] = 2 ; hour -= 8 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[31] = 1 ;   // HOUR 4
  if (hour > 3) { Data[31] = 2 ; hour -= 4 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[30] = 1 ;   // HOUR 2
  if (hour > 1) { Data[30] = 2 ; hour -= 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[29] = 1 ;   // HOUR 1
  if (hour == 1) { Data[29] = 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[35] = 1 ;   // PARITY BIT HOUR
  if ((Parity & 0x01) > 0) { Data[35] = 2 ; }
  
  Parity = 0; 
  
  Data[41] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE MONTH 20
  if (dayOfMonth > 19) { Data[41] = 2 ; dayOfMonth -= 20 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[40] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE MONTH 10
  if (dayOfMonth > 9) { Data[40] = 2 ; dayOfMonth -= 10 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[39] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE MONTH 8
  if (dayOfMonth > 7) { Data[39] = 2 ; dayOfMonth -= 8 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[38] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE MONTH 4
  if (dayOfMonth > 3) { Data[38] = 2 ; dayOfMonth -= 4 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[37] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE MONTH 2
  if (dayOfMonth > 1) { Data[37] = 2 ; dayOfMonth -= 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[36] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE MONTH 1
  if (dayOfMonth == 1) { Data[36] = 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[44] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE WEEK 4
  if (dayOfWeek > 3) { Data[44] = 2 ; dayOfWeek -= 4 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[43] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE WEEK 2
  if (dayOfWeek > 1) { Data[43] = 2 ; dayOfWeek -= 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[42] = 1 ;   // DAY OF THE WEEK 1
  if (dayOfWeek == 1) { Data[42] = 2 ; Parity += 1; }
  Data[49] = 1 ;   // MONTH 10
  if (month > 9) { Data[49] = 2 ; month -= 10 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[48] = 1 ;   // MONTH 8
  if (month > 7) { Data[48] = 2 ; month -= 8 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[47] = 1 ;   // MONTH 4
  if (month > 3) { Data[47] = 2 ; month -= 4 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[46] = 1 ;   // MONTH 2
  if (month > 1) { Data[46] = 2 ; month -= 2 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[45] = 1 ;   // MONTH 1
  if (month == 1) { Data[45] = 2 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[57] = 1 ;   // YEAR 80
  if (year > 79) { Data[57] = 2 ; year -= 80 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[56] = 1 ;   // YEAR 40
  if (year > 39) { Data[56] = 2 ; year -= 40 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[55] = 1 ;   // YEAR 20
  if (year > 19) { Data[55] = 2 ; year -= 20 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[54] = 1 ;   // YEAR 10
  if (year > 9) { Data[54] = 2 ; year -= 10 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[53] = 1 ;   // YEAR 8
  if (year > 7) { Data[53] = 2 ; year -= 8 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[52] = 1 ;   // YEAR 4
  if (year > 3) { Data[52] = 2 ; year -= 4 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[51] = 1 ;   // YEAR 2
  if (year > 1) { Data[51] = 2 ; year -= 2 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[50] = 1 ;   // YEAR 1
  if (year == 1) { Data[50] = 2 ; Parity += 1 ; }
  Data[58] = 1 ;   // PARITY BIT DATE
  if ((Parity & 0x01) > 0) { Data[58] = 2 ; }
  Data[59] = 0 ;   // ALMOST ALWAYS
  // UPDATE TIME 
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  displayTime();
  // DEBUG
  for (int l=0; l<60; l++) 
  {
    if (Data[l] == 0) Serial.print(" ");
    if (Data[l] == 1) Serial.print("0");
    if (Data[l] == 2) Serial.print("1");
    if (l == 0) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 14) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 20) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 28) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 35) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 41) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 44) Serial.print("-");
    if (l == 49) Serial.print("-");
  }
  Serial.print(" ");
  if (hour<10) Serial.print("0");
  Serial.print(hour);Serial.print(":");
  if (minute<10) Serial.print("0");
  Serial.print(minute);
  Serial.print("  ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 1) Serial.print("Monday, ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 2) Serial.print("Tuesday, ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 3) Serial.print("Wednesday, ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 4) Serial.print("Thursday, ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 5) Serial.print("Friday, ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 6) Serial.print("Saturday, ");
  if (dayOfWeek == 7) Serial.print("Sunday, ");
  if (dayOfMonth<10) Serial.print("0");
  Serial.print(dayOfMonth);Serial.print(".");
  if (month<10) Serial.print("0");
  Serial.print(month);Serial.print(".");
  Serial.print((year+2000),DEC);Serial.println(" ");
  break;
  
  case 1 :
  // SHORT PULSE MODULATION: 100 ms 
  // delay(100); // NOT :-) ALIGN PULSES
  digitalWrite(Modulateur, LOW);
  digitalWrite(Correcteur, HIGH) ;
  delay(100);
  digitalWrite(Modulateur, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(Correcteur, LOW) ;
  ModulationNecessary = false ;
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  displayTime();
  break;
  
  case 2 :
  // LONG PULSE MODULATION: 200 ms 
  digitalWrite(Modulateur, LOW);
  digitalWrite(Correcteur, HIGH) ;
  delay(200);
  digitalWrite(Modulateur, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(Correcteur, LOW) ;
  ModulationNecessary = false ;
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  displayTime();
  break;
         
  }  // END SWITCH      
} // END IF
delay(1);
}

// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
// END OF FILE.
// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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